K = KEROUAC, Jack - Author, A-Z Blog Challenge 2016

When Route 66 was the Road to the other side of the country. . .Jack Kerouac wrote about it.

Jack Kerouac by photographer Tom Palumbo, 1956

K = Kerouac, Jack, Author
Theme = Authors, AtoZ


Jack Kerouac, born Jean-Louis Lebris de Kérouac, to French Canadian parents on March 12, 1922 - October 21, 1969 in Lowell, Massachusetts was an American novelist and poet. Kerouac was a pioneer of the Beat Generation like William S. Burroughs and Allen Ginsberg.

In 1926, when Jack's older brother Gerard, aged nine, died of rheumatic fever, the four year old Jack was deeply affected. He claimed his brother followed him in life as his guardian angel. Jack had a Catholic background impressed on him by his mother. This guardian angel is the 'Gerard' of Kerouac's novel, Visions of Gerard. 

When his football career ended at Columbia, Kerouac dropped out of university.  During this time he met his first wife Edi Parker and met the Beat Generation people, now famous, which whom he would always be associated: Allen Ginsberg, Neal Cassady, John Clellon Holmes, Herbert Huncke and William S. Burrroughs.

Kerouac wrote his first novel, The Sea is My Brother, while serving in the US Merchant Marine. Written in 1942, it was not published until 2011, 42 years after Kerouac's death and 70 years after it was written.

Jack Kerouac, 1950, *photo credit

Kerouac completed On the Road in April 1951, a book that was autobiographical and describes these adventures across the US and Mexico with Neal Cassady in the late 40s. 
Though the work was completed quickly, Kerouac had a difficult time finding a publisher before it was accepted by Viking Press. During that time Kerouac worked as a "railroad brakeman and fire lookout". 


The truth was, publishers rejected On the Road because it flouted the social mores of the time in post-War America. The book discusses some taboo subjects, the kind that could result in obscenity charges being filed. A similar fate had befallen Burroughs (Naked Lunch) and Ginsberg (Howl). For the next few years, Kerouac continued writing, and travelling through the US and Mexico. He had drafts finished that would become more novels, including The Subterraneans, Doctor Sax, Desolation Angels and Tristessa.


On October 20, 1969 at 11 am, Kerouac was sitting in his favorite chair, drinking and scribbling notes for a book. He became ill and began vomiting large amounts of blood. After being rushed to the hospital, he underwent surgery that evening, but his damaged liver prevented his blood from clotting. Kerouac died at 5:15 am on October 21, 1969. His death was due to an internal hemorrhage - bleeding esophageal varices, caused by cirrhosis. A lifetime of heavy drinking had taken its toll.

Since his death, Kerouac's literary prestige has grown. All Kerouac's books are in print today, including The Town and the City, On the Road, Doctor Sax, The Dharma Bums, Mexico City Blues, The Subterraneans, Desolation Angels, Visions of Cody, The Sea Is My Brother, and Big Sur.

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A to Z Challenge - 2016

It's April again and time for the 2016 Blogging from A to Z challenge  This is my 4th year participating in the challenge! (Previous A to Z  posts at the top of my blog page tabs are: Art A-Z, French Faves, Paris, Etc. 

Thanks to originator Lee (Arlee Bird at Tossing It Out), and the co-hosts and co-host teams who make the challenge run smoothly. See the list of participants, and other important information at the A to Z Blog site.  The basic idea is to blog every day in April except Sundays (26 days). On April 1st, you begin with the letter A, April 2 is the letter B, and so on. Posts can be random or use a theme.

Blogging from A to Z Challenge 2016 - Badge

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References:

Partial list of Books by Kerouac:
http://dghudson-rainwriting.blogspot.ca/2012/07/jack-kerouac-american-writer.html

Wiki on Jack Kerouac
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Kerouac

More about Jack Kerouac
http://www.biography.com/people/jack-kerouac-9363719

The Paris Review
http://www.theparisreview.org/interviews/4260/the-art-of-fiction-no-41-jack-kerouac

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Image of Jack Kerouac by Tom Palumbo.
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.0 Generic license

*Image of Kerouac from The Guardian, 1950,
http://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2012/oct/19/jack-kerouac-october

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J = JOYCE, JAMES, Author, A-Z Blog Challenge 2016

Then came an Irishman who wrote something entirely different . . .

James Joyce, Author, 1918 - 1941, PD

J = JOYCE, James, Author
Theme = Authors, AtoZ


James Augustine Aloysius Joyce, February 2, 1882 to January 13, 1941, was an Irish novelist and poet, considered to be one of the most influential and important authors of the twentieth century. Joyce's Irish experiences constitute an essential element of his writings.

Joyce is best known for Ulysses, in 1922, Dubliners - short stories (1914) A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (1916), and Finnegans Wake in 1939. He wrote poetry, a play, occasional journalism and his published letters. Joyce emigrated permanently to Europe in 1904 with his partner and later wife, Nora Barnacle. They lived in Paris, Zurich and Trieste. No matter. He writes about Dublin.

On January 11, 1941, Joyce had surgery in Zurich for a perforated ulcer. He relapsed and fell into a coma, then woke a couple of days after that to ask a nurse to call his wife and son. They were on their way when he died 15 minutes later. Nora, who had married Joyce in 1931, survived him by 10 years and is buried by his side, as is their son who died in 1976. He rests in a prominent 'honor grave' with a seated statue of himself nearby.

The Lost Generation was the generation that came of age during WWI. The term was made popular by Ernest Hemingway, who used it in The Sun Also Rises, but Hemingway credits the phrase to Gertrude Stein, his mentor and patron. Joyce was considered a part of that illustrious group which included Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, T.S. Eliot, Faulkner, Franz Kafka, Henry Miller and others.

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Other Works by Joyce

Dubliners (short stories)

Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man

Ulysses
Published by Sylvia Beach in 1922, from her Paris bookshop, Shakespeare and Company.

Finnegan's Wake
Reaction mixed: negative comments from previous supporters of James Joyce's work  

Joyce's method of 'stream of consciousness', literary allusions and free dream associations was pushed to the limit in Finnegans Wake. What do you think?

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Do you remember either of these works of James Joyce? What do you think of other works by James Joyce?

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A to Z Challenge - 2016

It's April again and time for the 2016 Blogging from A to Z challenge  This is my 4th year participating in the challenge! (Previous A to Z  posts at the top of my blog page tabs are: Art A-Z, French Faves, Paris, Etc. 

Thanks to originator Lee (Arlee Bird at Tossing It Out), and the co-hosts and co-host teams who make the challenge run smoothly. See the list of participants, and other important information at the A to Z Blog site.  The basic idea is to blog every day in April except Sundays (26 days). On April 1st, you begin with the letter A, April 2 is the letter B, and so on. Posts can be random or use a theme.

Blogging from A to Z Challenge 2016 - Badge

http://www.a-to-zchallenge.com/p/a-z-challenge-sign-up-list-2016.html A to Z Blog List

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References:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lost_Generation Wiki on Lost Generation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Joyce  Wiki on James Joyce


Image of James Joyce at top of post
This media file is in the public domain in the United States. This applies to U.S. works where the copyright has expired, often because its first publication occurred prior to January 1, 1923

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I = IBSEN, Henrik, Author, A - Z Blog Challenge 2016

A Doll's House: one of the most performed plays, written by the gentleman in the photograph below. UNESCO in 2001 inscribed Henrik Ibsen's autographed manuscript of A Doll's House on the Memory of the World Register, in recognition of its historical value.


The Playwright

Playwright Henrik Ibsen, later years, PD

I = Ibsen, Henrik, Author
Theme = Authors, AtoZ

Henrik Johan Ibsen, March 20, 1828 - May 23, 1906, was a major Norwegian playwright, theatre director and poet of the 19th century. His works are the most frequently performed in the world, after Shakespeare. By the early 20th century, A Doll's House became the world's most performed play.

Published in 1879, A Doll's House is a scathing criticism of the marital roles accepted by men and women in Ibsen's society at that time. Ghosts followed in 1881, another scathing commentary on the morality of society, in which a widow reveals to her pastor the evils of her marriage which she had hidden for its duration.

In another of his works, An Enemy, the antagonist is the entire community. One of the important messages of the play is that the individual, who stands alone, is more often 'right' than the mass of people. Contemporary society's belief was that the community is a noble institution that could be trusted. Ibsen challenged this belief. He thought both the conservatives and the liberals of his time were self-serving.

Most of Ibsen's plays are set in Norway, and are reminiscent of the port town of Skien, where he grew up. However, Ibsen lived in Italy and Germany for 27 years, during his most productive writing time. His dramas continued to influence contemporary culture with film productions of A Doll's House (featuring actress Jane Fonda) and A Master Builder (with Wallace Shawn). 

Ibsen was born into a merchant family with connections to the leading mercantile families of the town and based many of his characterizations on these people. He was also the father of Prime Minister Sigurd Ibsen. A Doll's House was a three-act play in prose which premiered on December 21, 1879 at the Royal Theatre in Copenhagen, Denmark. The storyline was based on a real-life couple that Ibsen knew.

A Doll's House is significant for its critical attitude toward 19th century marriage norms.  It aroused great controversy at the time due to the ending. Nora, the protagonist leaves her husband and children so she can 'discover' herself. The play was inspired by the Ibsen's belief that a woman didn't have the freedom to be herself in an exclusive male society. 

Later in his life, Ibsen said he didn't consciously work for the women's rights movement, as he wrote A Doll's House without the conscious idea of making propaganda.  His objective was 'the description of humanity', as he saw it.

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Norwegian Author Henrik Ibsen, c.1870 - PD

Ibsen influenced playwrights and novelists such as George Bernard Shaw, Oscar Wilde, Arthur Miller, James Joyce, Eugene O'Neill and Miroslav Krleza. He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1902, 1903 and 1904. 

On May 23, 1906, Ibsen died at home in Oslo.  He had suffered a series of strokes in March 1900. The day prior, his nurse had assured a visitor that he was a little better. Ibsen then spluttered his last words "On the contrary" and died the following day in the afternoon.

NOTE: The only play of Ibsen's I've seen was A Doll's House at the Queen Elizabeth Theatre in Vancouver. It was a great production. 

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Have you ever heard of Ibsen? Do you know about the play, A Doll's House? Did you know his drama works have been the most performed after Shakespeare's works?

Please leave a comment to let me know you were here and I'll respond. Thanks for dropping by!

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A to Z Challenge - 2016

It's April again and time for the 2016 Blogging from A to Z challenge  This is my 4th year participating in the challenge! (Previous A to Z  posts at the top of my blog page tabs are: Art A-Z, French Faves, Paris, Etc. 

Thanks to originator Lee (Arlee Bird at Tossing It Out), and the co-hosts and co-host teams who make the challenge run smoothly. See the list of participants, and other important information at the A to Z Blog site.  The basic idea is to blog every day in April except Sundays (26 days). On April 1st, you begin with the letter A, April 2 is the letter B, and so on. Posts can be random or use a theme.

Blogging from A to Z Challenge 2016 - Badge

A to Z Blog Listhttp://www.a-to-zchallenge.com/p/a-z-challenge-sign-up-list-2016.html 

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References:

Wiki on Henrik Ibsen
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrik_Ibsen 

Wiki on A Doll's House
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Doll%27s_House 

Image of elder Ibsen:
This work is in the public domain in its country of origin and other countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 70 years or less.


Image of Ibsen in middle years:
This work is in the public domain in its country of origin and other countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 70 years or less.

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H = HERBERT, Frank, Author, A-Z Blog Challenge 2016

On Arrakis, later to be called DUNE, giant sandworms can be ridden by Fremen in still suits. . . 

From Sandworms and the Spice to the clash between the Harkonnens and the Atreides, Herbert's DUNE series entraps you in his universe.

Frank Herbert, Author of DUNE

H = Herbert, Frank Patrick, Jr., Author
Theme = Authors, AtoZ

Frank Patrick Herbert, Jr., October 8, 1920 - February 11, 1986, was an American Science Fiction writer best known for DUNE and it's five sequels. Herbert was once a newspaper journalist, photographer, short story writer, book reviewer, ecological consultant and lecturer.

The DUNE saga, set in the distant future and taking place over millennia, deal with complex themes such as human survival and evolution, ecology and the intersection of religion, politics and power.  DUNE is a best seller, and the series is considered classic.

Five sequels were written by Herbert 

Dune Messiah
Children of Dune
God Emperor of Dune
Heretics of Dune
Chapterhouse: Dune

Frank Herbert was inducted to the Science fiction Hall of Fame in 2006. He used his novels to explore complex ideas involving philosophy, religion, psychology, politics and ecology. The underlying thrust of his writing was the question of human survival and evolution.

DUNE, by Frank Herbert, photo by DG Hudson

DUNE is a landmark of soft science fiction. Herbert wanted to suppress the technology and address the future of humanity. The storyline of DUNE considers how humans and their institutions change over time. DUNE won the Nebula Award in 1965 and sharing the Hugo Award in 1966. DUNE is considered one of the best science fiction novels, depending on who you ask. The DUNE saga shared the Hugo Award in 1966.


These are the sand dunes that inspired Herbert

Sand dunes-Oregon Dunes National Recreation Area - PD

Frank Herbert died of a massive pulmonary embolism while recovering from surgery for cancer on February 11, 1986 in Madison, Wisconsin.  He was 65.

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Have you read the DUNE series or any of the books? Do you know what the Spice is?

Please leave a comment to let me know you were here and I'll respond. Thanks for dropping by.

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A to Z Challenge - 2016

It's April again and time for the 2016 Blogging from A to Z challenge  This is my 4th year participating in the challenge! (Previous A to Z  posts at the top of my blog page tabs are: Art A-Z, French Faves, Paris, Etc. 

Thanks to originator Lee (Arlee Bird at Tossing It Out), and the co-hosts and co-host teams who make the challenge run smoothly. See the list of participants, and other important information at the A to Z Blog site.  The basic idea is to blog every day in April except Sundays (26 days). On April 1st, you begin with the letter A, April 2 is the letter B, and so on. Posts can be random or use a theme.

Blogging from A to Z Challenge 2016 - Badge

http://www.a-to-zchallenge.com/p/a-z-challenge-sign-up-list-2016.html A to Z Blog List

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References

Image of Frank Herbert

This work is in the public domain because it was published in the United States between 1923 and 1963 and although there may or may not have been a copyright notice, the copyright was not renewed

Image of Oregon sand dunes
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Herbert Frank Herbert wiki

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dune_(novel) Information on DUNE

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G = GABALDON, Diana, Author, A-Z Blog Challenge 2016

Step inside the Stones, if you dare. . .and if you survive, time will have changed by two hundred years. . .

From Diana Gabaldon's mind comes stories of Scottish Highlanders in Scotland, France, and in the young United States where many of the Highlanders were exiled. This was the time preceding the American War for Independence. 

Diana Gabaldon at Book Signing 2007, PD-GNU*

G = Diana Gabaldon, Author
Theme = Authors AtoZ 

Have you heard these names before? Outlander, James (Jamie) and Claire Fraser, Lord John Grey, the Fiery Cross, Roger Mac,  - they come from Diana Gabaldon's novels. If you haven't yet given her novels a try, you should. The 1800s were very different times when compared to the mid 1940s. That was when Claire visited the stones. She knew about the circle of stones and who danced there, but she didn't know that the stones were full of power at the right time of the year and day. 

Diana J. Gabaldon, born January 11, 1952 is an American author, known for the Outlander series of novels. It's known as Cross Stitch in the UK. Her father was of Mexican ancestry, and her mother was of English descent. Gabaldon has earned three degrees - one marine biology, one zoology, and one behavioural ecology. She worked for ASU and Walt Disney at one time.

Her books merge multiple genres with elements of historical fiction, romance, mystery, adventure and science fiction/fantasy. 

Book Titles for Outlander Series

-Outlander (1991)
-Dragonfly in Amber (1992)
-Voyager (1993)
-Drums of Autumn 
-The Fiery Cross (2001) 
-A Breath of Snow and Ashes (2005)
-An Echo in the Bone (2009)
-Written in My Own Heart's Blood (2014)


.
A television adaptation of the Outlander series premiered on Starz in the US on August 9, 2014. I'm currently reading A Breath of Snow and Ashes.

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Are you a fan of Gabaldon? Do you like the premise of time travel via stone portals (as in Outlander)?

Please leave a comment to let me know you were here and I'll respond. Thanks for dropping by!

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Blogging from A to Z Challenge 2016 - Badge

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References:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diana_Gabaldon Wiki on Diana Gabaldon

IMAGE: Diana Gabaldon, PD-GNU
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License. // This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported

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F = FITZGERALD, F. Scott, Author - A-Z Blog Tour 2016

You've heard of the jazzy 1920s, when Flappers were dancing in clubs and college men wore raccoon coats. Fitzgerald was in Paris with Hemingway and other authors of the expatriate community. 

F. Scott Fitzgerald, c. 1921, PD

F = Fitzgerald, F. Scott, Author
Theme = Authors A2Z


Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald, born September 24, 1896 and died from a heart attack December 21, 1940, was an American novelist who also wrote short stories. His works are paradigmatic writings of the Jazz Age. He is considered one of the greatest American writers of the 20th century and a member of the Lost Generation of the 1920s. 

He finished four novels This Side of Paradise, The Beautiful and Damned, The Great Gatsby and Tender is the Night. A fifth novel The Love of the Last Tycoon was unfinished. 

The Romantic Egoist, recast as This Side of Paradise, a semi-autobiographical account of Fitzgerald's undergraduate years at Princeton. His revised novel was accepted by Scribner's in the fall of 1919 and was published on March 26, 1920 and became an instant success, It launched Fitzgerald's career as a writer and provided a steady income. Fitzgerald and Zelda were married at St. Patrick's Cathedral, New York. Their daughter and only child, Frances Scott "Scottie" Fitzgerald, was born on October 26, 1921.

Paris in the 1920s proved the most influential decade of Fitzgerald's development. Fitzgerald made several excursions to Europe, mostly Paris and the French Riviera, and became friends with many members of the American expatriate community in Paris, notably Ernest Hemingway. Hemingway, however, did not get on well with Zelda,

Fitzgerald, an alcoholic since college, became notorious during the 1920s for his extraordinarily heavy drinking, undermining his health by the late 1930s. He did have recurring tuberculosis, and suffered a mild attack of tuberculosis in 1919, and in 1929 he had "what proved to be a tubercular hemorrhage."

The last years of Fitzgerald's life and his affair with Sheilah Graham, the Hollywood gossip columnist, was the theme of the movie Beloved Infidel (1959) based on Graham's 1958 memoir by the same name. 


Portrayals of Fitzgerald

Fitzgerald and Zelda in Woody Allen's film Midnight in Paris.

Scott and Zelda Fitzgerald appear alongside Ernest Hemingway, Hadley Hemingway, Gertrude Stein and Ezra Pound in the novel The Paris Wife by Paula McLain 

The Curious Case of Benjamin Buttons was the basis for a 2008 film.

Fitzgerald's own life from 1937 to 1940 was dramatized in Beloved Infidel.

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The books I have read and reviewed: Tender is the Night, The Last Tycoon, This Side of Paradise.

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Have you read any of the books mentioned here by Fitzgerald or any books about him? 

Please leave a comment so I know you were here, and I'll respond. Thanks for dropping by!

*****

A to Z Challenge

It's April again and time for the 2016 Blogging from A to Z challenge  This is my 4th year participating in the challenge! (Previous A to Z  posts at the top of my blog page tabs are: Art A-Z, French Faves, Paris, Etc. 

Thanks to originator Lee (Arlee Bird at Tossing It Out), and the co-hosts and co-host teams who make the challenge run smoothly. See the list of participants, and other important information at the A to Z Blog site.  The basic idea is to blog every day in April except Sundays (26 days). On April 1st, you begin with the letter A, April 2 is the letter B, and so on. Posts can be random or use a theme.

The Badge

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References

Photograph of F. Scott Fitzgerald c. 1921
This media file is in the public domain in the United States. This applies to U.S. works where the copyright has expired, often because its first publication occurred prior to January 1, 1923. "The World's Work",

PD = Public Domain

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F._Scott_Fitzgerald Wiki on Fitzgerald.

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E = ERNEST HEMINGWAY, Author, A-Z Blog Challenge 2016

A writer who refined the sentence and the word to its essence.  His name was Ernest Hemingway.

Ernest Hemingway working on For Whom the Bell Tolls

E = Ernest Hemingway, Author, Journalist
Theme - Authors AtoZ

Ernest Miller Hemingway, born July 21, 1899, and died July 2, 1961, was an American writer of novels and short stories, supplementing that with journalistic articles. Most of his work was written between the mid 1920s and the mid 1950s. He won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. His published work included seven novels, six short story collections and two nonfiction works. Additional work was published posthumously including one of my favourites, A Moveable Feast.

In the early 1920s, Hemingway married the first of four wives, Hadley Richardson. They moved to Paris, where he became a member of the expatriate community and the 'Lost Generation'. He met Gertrude Stein, James Joyce and Ezra Pound, three whom he would befriend. 

Women were drawn to the author, and it seemed there was always someone waiting in the wings . . .when each marriage fell apart. Stein also introduced Hemingway to the artists and writers in the Montparnasse Quarter. There he met Picasso, another of Stein's favourites, and other influential artists. 

Ernest Hemingway, passport photo 1923 - PD

In 1939, Hemingway sank into depression  as his literary friends began to die: that year William Butler Yeats and Ford Madox Ford; in 1940 F. Scott Fitzgerald; in 1941 Sherwood Anderson and James Joyce; in 1946 Gertrude Stein; and the following year in 1947, Max Perkins, Hemingway's long-time Scribner's editor and friend.

In the 1950s, Hemingway suffered from the two plane crash/explosion accidents he had sustained in Africa, and became bedridden for a time. He was suffering from high blood pressure, liver disease, and arteriosclerosis by 1956. In November 1956, while in Paris, he recovered trunks he had stored in the Ritz Hotel in 1928 and never retrieved. The trunks were filled with notebooks and writing from his Paris years. Excited about the discovery, he returned to Cuba in 1957, and began to shape the drafts he had found into his memoir, A Moveable Feast. Hemingway had recurring bouts of illness and may have been suffering from a family condition which had affected other members of his birth family.

Fast forward to 1961. On July 2, 1961, Hemingway's sad death made all the news networks, and left a gap in the writing world. As he had predicted at his father's death by suicide, he did choose the same way to exit this world. At the time however, the press was told it was an accidental death, but later, his wife Mary revealed the truth. 

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Are you a fan of Hemingway? Which novel do you like best? If you are not a fan - why not? 

Please leave a comment to let me know you were here and I'll respond. Thanks for dropping by!

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A to Z Challenge

It's April again and time for the 2016 Blogging from A to Z challenge  This is my 4th year participating in the challenge! (Previous A to Z  posts at the top of my blog page tabs are: Art A-Z, French Faves, Paris, Etc. 

Thanks to originator Lee (Arlee Bird at Tossing It Out), and the co-hosts and co-host teams who make the challenge run smoothly. See the list of participants, and other important information at the A to Z Blog site.  The basic idea is to blog every day in April except Sundays (26 days). On April 1st, you begin with the letter A, April 2 is the letter B, and so on. Posts can be random or use a theme.

Blogging from A to Z Challenge 2016 - Badge

***
References:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway Wiki on Ernest Hemingway


Image: Hemingway's 1923 passport photo

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it is a work prepared by an officer or employee of the United States Government as part of that person’s official duties under the terms of Title 17, Chapter 1, Section 105 of the US Code. See Copyright.

 List of his books I have read: For Whom the Bells Toll, To Have and to Have Not, The Sun Also Rises, A Moveable Feast, A Farewell to Arms. I've reviewed several of these under the book review tabs at the top of my blog page.

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